Preheat your oven to 350°F and lightly grease a 9x13 inch baking dish. While the oven heats, prepare all ingredients: finely dice the onion into 1/4-inch pieces, mince the garlic cloves fresh (this makes a real difference in flavor compared to pre-minced), dice the poblano pepper into small pieces, and measure out the cumin, chili powder, salt, and pepper. Having everything ready before you start cooking will keep the process smooth and ensure nothing burns while you're prepping.
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the ground turkey with salt and pepper, breaking it into small crumbles as it cooks for about 3 minutes until it loses its pink color. Add the diced onion and cook for 4-5 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the onion is softened and the turkey is fully cooked. This builds a flavorful base by allowing the onion to soften and release its sweetness into the meat.
Add the minced garlic and cumin to the turkey mixture and cook for about 30 seconds, stirring constantly, until fragrant. Add the diced poblano pepper and corn, cooking for 1-2 minutes just until warmed through. Remove from heat and stir in 1/2 cup of the green enchilada sauce. I like to fold the sauce in gently rather than stirring vigorously—this keeps the filling cohesive and prevents it from becoming too wet, which helps the enchiladas hold their shape when you roll them.
While the filling cools slightly, spread 1/2 cup of the green enchilada sauce evenly across the bottom of your prepared baking dish—this prevents sticking and helps the enchiladas cook evenly. Warm the corn tortillas in the microwave for 10-15 seconds wrapped in a damp paper towel to make them pliable and easy to roll without cracking.
Working with one tortilla at a time, place about 1/4 cup of the turkey filling mixture from Step 3 slightly off-center on the tortilla, leaving room on the edges. Roll the tortilla tightly around the filling and place it seam-side down in the prepared baking dish. Repeat with remaining tortillas, arranging them snugly in a single layer. Rolling them seam-side down helps keep them sealed during baking.
Pour the remaining 2.5 cups of green enchilada sauce evenly over the rolled enchiladas, making sure to coat them all generously. Sprinkle the grated Monterey Jack cheese over the top in an even layer. Bake uncovered for 20-25 minutes until the sauce is bubbling around the edges and the cheese is melted and lightly golden.
Remove the enchiladas from the oven and let them rest for 2-3 minutes before serving. Top with fresh cilantro and sliced fresh jalapeno if desired for brightness and a touch of heat.